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Engineering drawing abbreviations and symbols are used to communicate and detail the characteristics of an engineering drawing. This list includes abbreviations common to the vocabulary of people who work with engineering drawings in the manufacture and inspection of parts and assemblies. Technical standards exist to provide glossaries of ...
In modern buildings, flashing is intended to decrease water penetration at objects such as chimneys, vent pipes, walls, windows and door openings to make buildings more durable and to reduce indoor mold problems. Metal flashing materials include lead, aluminium, copper, [1] stainless steel, zinc alloy, and other materials.
The shop drawing is the manufacturer’s or the contractor’s drawn version of information shown in the construction documents. [1] The shop drawing normally shows more detail than the construction documents. It is drawn to explain the fabrication and/or installation of the items to the manufacturer’s production crew or contractor's ...
Early contractor involvement (ECI) is a type of construction contract where the principal contractor is engaged at an early stage in a project to offer input into the design phase. It is in contrast to the design–bid–build model where the contractor is only brought onboard at the end of the design phase. The model allows the contractor to ...
Cladding (construction) Cladding is the application of one material over another to provide a skin or layer. In construction, cladding is used to provide a degree of thermal insulation and weather resistance, and to improve the appearance of buildings. [1] Cladding can be made of any of a wide range of materials including wood, metal, brick ...
Exterior insulation finishing system. A historic brick building in Germany covered with EIFS on the right side. Exterior insulation and finish system ( EIFS) is a general class of non- load bearing building cladding systems that provides exterior walls with an insulated, water-resistant, finished surface in an integrated composite material system.
Project commissioning. Commissioning of a conveyor where equipment is being tested to its maximum rating and capacity of operation. Project commissioning is the process of ensuring that all systems and components of a building or industrial plant are designed, installed, tested, operated, and maintained according to the owner's or final client ...
Building envelope design is a specialized area of architectural and engineering practice that draws from all areas of building science and indoor climate control. [2] The many functions of the building envelope can be separated into three categories: [3] Support (to resist and transfer structural and dynamic loads) Control (the flow of matter ...