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Dawn represents the past (specifically the preterite ), noon the present and night the future. In linguistics, conjugation ( / ˌkɒndʒʊˈɡeɪʃən / [1] [2]) is the creation of derived forms of a verb from its principal parts by inflection (alteration of form according to rules of grammar ).
Valency refers to how many and what kinds of arguments a predicate licenses —i.e. what arguments the predicate selects grammatically. [1] Avalent verbs are verbs which have no valency, meaning that they have no logical arguments, such as subject or object. Languages known as pro-drop or null-subject languages do not require clauses to have an ...
e. ) In linguistic typology, a verb–subject–object ( VSO) language has its most typical sentences arrange their elements in that order, as in Ate Sam oranges (Sam ate oranges). VSO is the third-most common word order among the world's languages, [3] after SOV (as in Hindi and Japanese) and SVO (as in English and Mandarin Chinese ).
Subject (grammar) A subject is one of the two main parts of a sentence (the other being the predicate, which modifies the subject). For the simple sentence John runs, John is the subject, a person or thing about whom the statement is made. Traditionally the subject is the word or phrase which controls the verb in the clause, that is to say with ...
One example is particle бы which imparts conditional mood (subjunctive) to a verb it is being applied to or to a whole sentence. Another examples are -то and же which are usually used to emphasise or accent other words.
In linguistics, morphosyntactic alignment is the grammatical relationship between arguments—specifically, between the two arguments (in English, subject and object) of transitive verbs like the dog chased the cat, and the single argument of intransitive verbs like the cat ran away.
Transitivity and valency. In linguistics, valency or valence is the number and type of arguments controlled by a predicate, content verbs being typical predicates. Valency is related, though not identical, to subcategorization and transitivity, which count only object arguments – valency counts all arguments, including the subject.
In linguistics, subcategorization denotes the ability/necessity for lexical items (usually verbs) to require/allow the presence and types of the syntactic arguments with which they co-occur. [1] For example, the word "walk" as in "X walks home" requires the noun-phrase X to be animate .
v. t. e. In linguistics, incorporation is a phenomenon by which a grammatical category, such as a verb, forms a compound with its direct object ( object incorporation) or adverbial modifier, while retaining its original syntactic function.
Grammaticalization. In historical linguistics, grammaticalization (also known as grammatization or grammaticization) is a process of language change by which words representing objects and actions (i.e. nouns and verbs) become grammatical markers (such as affixes or prepositions ). Thus it creates new function words from content words, rather ...